General
If we want to grow, connect your thinking/words/poetry better with others or a wider audience then having a safe feedback loop is a good idea. Always realise that we grow our mind and craft more strongly when we can get positive suggestions or questions - this is called a growth mindset. Building confidence in others is our first most important strategy. If they are not ready or asking for 'next step' feedback then don't give it unsolicited.
If you have poet friends or writers that you want feedback from, be specific with some questions to focus their feedback.
1. What works well.
Not all poems have a title, but if they do, it should add something to the piece. What turn of phrase makes you say, “Mmm… that’s good”? What imagery grabbed you, was interesting, is new? What emotions does it capture superbly? What does it remind you of in your own experience? What great images are evoked by their words and phrases? If there is a “deeper” meaning, will the reader be able to discern it? How does the poem make use of rhythm and possibly rhyme to convey or strengthen meaning - reading out loud is important here.
Be gracious and bring out the 'gold' in each other, honour the person.
2. Think about.
In the advice avoid words like, “need” and “should", often I find it better to say, "I wonder if …." What is confusing about the poem? Where do you have a hard time following the ideas, or it doesn't seem quite logical, is the poem understandable and reasonably clear on the literal level? What seems to be a weaker part of the poem? And why?
If you don’t understand a point of others feedback, say so, and ask for clarification. If you think a sections been misunderstood, or a poem’s been misinterpreted, explain, and see if there’s a way to write it more clearly for both of you.
3. The Voice of the Poem.
What is the poem about? The best poems are about one thing. They have a centre. What is this poem’s centre? This is its voice.